HomeMy WebLinkAbout3.Levee 37 Flood Study ReportMount Prospect Public Works Department
� $/ INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM
TO: ACTING VILLAGE MANAGER DAVID STRAHL
FROM: DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS
DATE: SEPTEMBER 18, 2015
SUBJ: LEVEE 37 FLOOD STUDY
Background
Levee 37 was constructed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) to prevent Des
Plaines River flood waters from inundating properties west of River Road in Mount Prospect (the village)
and Prospect Heights. The Mount Prospect portion of the levee system features two (2) pump stations
(pump stations 1 and 2). These pump stations facilitate release of water from the storm sewer system
when high river levels restrict the normal gravity discharge of the storm sewer system.
During high river level events, check valves close to prevent river water from inundating adjacent
properties via the storm sewer system. This modus was the cause of record flooding during high river
level events in 1986 and 1987.
The check valves were installed in 1991 and have proven highly effective at preventing river water
inundation.
Levee 37 was constructed in 2011. A principle assumption applied to the design of the pump stations
was that the coincidence of high river levels (tailwater) and significant rainfall on the land side of the
levee system was extremely remote. This assumption was based on USACOE analysis of historical
rainfall data and river levels recorded prior to 1990.
As a consequence, the pump stations were designed to primarily rely on normal gravity discharge to
dewater the storm sewer system.
Unfortunately, on dozens of occasions, properties west of River Road have experienced flooding due to
the inability of the gravity discharge and pump stations to release water to the Des Plaines River at a
sufficient rate. On all of these occasions, the storm sewer gravity discharge has been occluded by
tailwater in the river while the land side of the levee has simultaneously been subject to heavy rains.
Earlier this summer the village hired Christopher B. Burke Engineering, LTD. (CBBEL) of Rosemont,
Illinois, an engineering consulting firm with expertise in stormwater management, to examine existing
conditions and develop recommendations to improve the performance of storm sewer systems
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Levee 37 Flood Study
September 18, 2015
tributary to Levee 37. Their work has culminated in a final report available for viewing and download on
the village website (www.mountpropsect.org/leveedrainage). For your reference, an executive
summary of the CBBEL report is attached to this memorandum.
Study Results
CBBEL affirmed that the levee system is designed to protect land side properties from a 100 -year
recurrence interval river crest. A "100 -year" crest is often interpreted as a water level that should only
be expected once every 100 years. However, the term more accurately means there is a 1% chance of
such an event in any given year. Alternatively stated, the levee is designed to protect homes from 99%
of anticipated annual crests. Considering the "100 -year crest" in terms of this more precise definition
makes it easier to understand that such an event can occur in successive years or even more than once
in a single year.
CBBEL also determined that the existing storm sewer systems that serve areas tributary to Levee 37,
absent any influence of the levee, have the capacity to collect and convey a 10 -year recurrence interval
storm without flooding. A "10 -year" storm is a rain event that has a 10% chance of occurring annually.
Stated alternatively, the storm sewers tributary to Levee 37 can collect and convey 90% of annually
anticipated storms. This performance level is a current and common design criterion in most
communities.
Most notably, CBBEL determined that the addition of the levee degrades the drainage to less than a 10 -
year level when the river rises. Prior to the levee, 240 cubic feet per second drained from the land side
to the river via gravity sewers and overland drainage. Construction of the levee blocked much of this
flow and limits drainage to the 60 cubic feet per second capacity of the pumping stations.
Recommendations
CBBEL recommends construction of two (2) storm sewer improvement projects to return levee drainage
basins to a 10 -year storm event performance level. One improvement (Alternative 3) impacts pump
station 2 and the other impacts pump station 1 (Alternative 6). Both improvements involve additional
pump capacity, increasing conveyance, and improving storage volume. In combination, these
improvements will return the basin to its pre -levee drainage rate of 240 cubic feet per second.
Design and construction of Alternative 3 is estimated to cost $3.6 million. Alternative 6 is estimated to
cost $2.1 million.
Discussion
Staff concurs with CBBEL recommendations. These improvements offer the most protection for
property owners within the regulatory constraints associated with the levee and Des Plaines River
drainage basin. However, current budget forecasts lack sufficient capacity to support these projects.
Further work will require identification of funding sources.
The notion of returning the drainage rate to 240 cubic feet per second is fundamental. The argument
that the village has a right to discharge at a rate that pre-existed the levee is compelling. However,
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Levee 37 Flood Study
September 18, 2015
prosecution of these improvements is largely contingent on formal endorsement of this concept by the
Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
Improvements that exceed to the 10 -year level of protection, such as 25 -year level of protection designs
previously incorporated into village sewer improvements, are particularly expensive because the added
protection most likely must be realized from increased storage; not improved conveyance or higher
discharge.
USACOE has indicated they remain interested in participating in further improvements to the pump
stations. Presently, the nature and voracity of this interest is undefined. However, federal government
financial participation in the recommended improvements is feasible.
Conclusion
Please present this matter for the village board's consideration at the September 22, 2015 Committee of
the Whole meeting. Representatives from CBBEL, along with appropriate staff, fwill be on hand to
present the study report in further detail and facilitate discussion.
8'ean P. Dorsey
Director of Public Works
Cc: Deputy Director of Public Works Jason Leib
Village Engineer Jeff Wulbecker
Streets/Buildings Superintendent Paul Bures
File
Levee 37 Drainage Study
Mount Prospect, IL
Prepared for
Village of Mount Prospect, IL
50 South Emerson Street
Mount Prospect, IL 60056
September 22, 2015
Prepared by
Christopher B. Burke Engineering, Ltd.
9575 W. Higgins Road, Suite 600
Rosemont, IL 60018
CBBEL Project No. 15-0225
Village of Mount Prospect — Levee 37 Drainage Study September 22, 2015
The Levee 37 Tributary Area Drainage Study was initiated by the Village of Mount Prospect
(Village) following the April 17-18, 2013 storm event to address residential flooding in areas
protected from Des Plaines River (DPR) overbank flooding by the Levee 37 floodwall. The Levee
37 project was designed by the US Army Corps of Engineers -Chicago District (USACOE) to prevent
DPR floodwater from entering Village residential areas and City of Prospect Heights areas west of
River Road. The Levee 37 project consists of several integrated components including a concrete -
capped floodwall, earthen levees, road raising, and internal drainage pump stations.
The majority of the April 2013 storm event rainfall occurred while the DPR water level was rising
but prior to it reaching its peak elevation. The rising DPR water level reduced and ultimately
prevented outflow from the Village's gravity storm sewers to the DPR. Once the DPR reached an
elevation that prevented outflow, the Village's stormwater could only be evacuated by the two
(2) Levee 37 pump stations; Pump Stations #1 and #2. These pump stations were constructed
concurrently with Levee 37 and were designed to drain residual stormwater in the storm sewer
system when the DPR water level was high. According to the USACOE, the pumps were not
designed to have capacity that equals the existing capacity of the sewer system with free -outfall
conditions (when the DPR is at normal elevation). As reported by Village staff, the limited capacity
of the pump stations initially resulted in street inundation in low areas, followed by yard flooding
and overtopping of sidewalks allowing floodwaters to enter below -grade garages, and also
basement seepage during the April 2013 storm event.
The Village retained Christopher B. Burke Engineering, Ltd. (CBBEL) to perform a conceptual level
feasibility study that included:
• An analysis of the Village's storm sewer system and the Levee 37 pump stations to
identify the condition that lead to the flooding that occurred during the April 2013 storm
event.
• Determine the existing level of protection provided by the storm sewer system with the
levee and the pump stations in place for the residential area.
• Develop and analyze potential improvement alternatives to raise the level of protection
by increasing the pumping rate and through other improvements.
The study determined that the Village's storm sewer system has approximately a 10 -year storm
event capacity with a free -outflow condition (DPR is low). The study also confirmed Village staff's
opinion that the capacity of the existing storm sewer system was degraded during the April 2013
storm event because of the rising DPR water level and the inability of the two (2) Levee 37 pump
stations to provide sufficient capacity to discharge Village stormwater at a rate necessary to
prevent flooding in the residential area.
Prior to the development of the existing residential subdivision within the study area, the land
drained overland directly to the DPR. Once developed and prior to the construction of Levee 37,
during periods when the residential subdivision's storm sewers surcharge ponding would initially
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Village of Mount Prospect — Levee 37 Drainage Study September 22, 2015
occur within low-lying areas until flooding levels filled the streets and stormwater would flow
overland down the streets until crossing River Road and into the DPR. Levee 37 blocks overland
flow from reaching the DPR. Currently, the Levee 37 pump stations are the only means to convey
the overland flow to the DPR. Therefore, to alleviate flooding within the interior of the levee when
the DPR is high, the Levee 37 pump stations would need to be upgraded to replicate the historic
overland flow to the DPR.
In order to determine an "allowable" pumping rate for the system to replicate historic overland
flow values, a few factors were considered:
• First, the existing combined pumping rate of all three pumping stations (Pumping Stations
#1, #2, and #3) is approximately 60 cfs.
• A rising DPR degrades the ability of the storm sewers to discharge stormwater.
• Levee 37 protects the interior residential area from overbank flooding for DPR flooding
events at or greater than the 10 -year event.
• The capacity of the interior area's storm sewer system under low flow DPR conditions is
approximately the 10 -year event.
• Prior to the Levee 37 construction, events at and greater than the 10 -year flood along the
DPR would begin to flood the interior area, accessing floodplain storage that the levee
now blocks. However, the interior area had an unobstructed overland flow path to the
DPR.
• Hydraulic modeling determined that prior to the construction of the levee the overland
flow (generated by the 10 -year interior event) reaching the DPR was 240 cfs when the
DPR water level is at its 10 -year flood level.
Considering these hydraulic conditions, the DPR was always subject to receiving the overland flow
from the interior area for up to the 10 -year event without the benefit of significant overbank
floodplain storage. The construction of Levee 37 blocked this overland flow capacity, but the
pumps constructed as part of the levee project did not maintain this flow capacity, reducing the
overland flow discharge capacity (via pumping) to only 60 cfs, significantly lower than the pre -
levee condition of 240 cfs as described above. This means that the pumping rate can be increased
by 180 cfs and still maintain the pre -Levee 37 condition. An operating rule would need to be
established for events greater than the 10 -year flood to maintain pre -levee downstream
conditions.
CBBEL developed nine (9) improvement alternatives to modify the interior drainage system to
achieve the allowable pre -Levee 37 overland flow. All nine (9) improvement alternatives provide
increased pumping capacity at one of the Levee 37 project pump stations that serve the Village.
The increased pumping capacity would be achieved by constructing a new pump station adjacent
to the existing pump station. This would allow the existing pump station to continue operating
during the construction process. A few of the improvement alternatives also evaluated the use
of flood storage to reduce the required pumping capacity. Some improvement alternatives
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Village of Mount Prospect — Levee 37 Drainage Study September 22, 2015
evaluated storm sewer improvements to increase the efficiency of stormwater flow conveyance
to the Levee 37 project pump stations.
A 25 -year level -of -protection alternative (Alternative 9) was also developed and evaluated to
determine how this level can be achieved. This was done at the request of the Village to be
consistent with the Board directive to achieve, where possible, the 25 -year level of protection on
all new projects. The total pump capacity will be limited to 240 cfs. Two proposed stormwater
facilities, providing 18 and 12 acre-feet, are necessary to reduce the flow to the pump stations.
Diversion sewers are required to divert stormwater from adjacent main sewer lines.
Floodproofing will be necessary for two at -risk homes. The opinion of probable construction cost
for the 25 -year level of protection without off-site mitigation is $7.5 million based on 2015 unit
costs.
Based on the results of this conceptual feasibility study, CBBEL is recommending two (2)
improvements (Alternatives 3 and 6) that provide the 10 -year level of protection. These
alternatives increase the total pumping rate to 205 cfs, which is lower than the 240 cfs mentioned
above. This is due to the addition of stormwater storage within the two school properties that
provide a reduction in the flowrate reaching the pumping stations. However, the Village can
modify these alternatives to achieve the 240 cfs rate. The Village staff has indicated they will be
approaching the USACOE about funding the proposed pump station improvements. The opinion
of probable construction cost for recommended Alternatives 3 and 6 are $3.6 million and $2.1
million, respectively, based on a 2015 cost estimate.
The following is brief description of the recommended alternatives for a 10 -year level of
protection:
Alternative 3
• Construct new pump station adjacent to Levee 37 Pump Station #2 with pumping capacity
of 105 cfs.
• Proposed 11.6 acre-foot stormwater storage basin located within an existing open space
at Robert Frost Elementary School property.
Alternative 6
• Construct new pump station adjacent to Levee 37 Pump Station #1 with pumping capacity
of 40 cfs.
• Proposed 7.0 acre-foot stormwater storage basin located within an existing open space
at the Indian Grove Elementary School property.
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